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What do you mean by Malpresentations and malposition?
Malpositions are abnormal positions of the vertex of the fetal head relative to the maternal pelvis. Malpresentations are all presentations of the fetus other than vertex.
What are the types of fetal malpresentation?
There are different types of malpresentation:
- Breech presentation: A breech presentation is when the baby is lying with their bottom or feet down.
- Transverse lie: A transverse lie is when the baby is lying sideways.
- Oblique lie: The baby’s head is against the mother’s hip, high above the birth canal.
What is the difference between Vertex and cephalic?
In layman terms, the head down position is known as ‘cephalic presentation’ which means that the head of the baby lies towards the mouth of the uterus (cervix) and the buttocks and feet of the baby are located at the top of the uterus. Vertex is the medical term for “crown of head”.
What causes Malpresentations?
Common causes of malpresentations/malpositions include: excess amniotic fluid, abnormal shape and size of the pelvis; uterine tumour; placenta praevia; slackness of uterine muscles (after many previous pregnancies); or multiple pregnancy.
What causes fetal Malpresentation?
Placenta, Umbilical Cord, and Amniotic Cavity abnormalities: Polyhydramnios. Common causes of polyhydramnios include fetal anomalies, gestational diabetes, multiple gestations, and congenital infections.
What is normal vertex delivery?
The vertex position is the position your baby needs to be in for you to give birth vaginally. Most babies get into a vertex, or head down, position near the end of your pregnancy, between 33 and 36 weeks. Even babies who are breech up until the very end of pregnancy can turn at the last minute.
What does vertex mean in ultrasound?
How is fetal malpresentation diagnosed?
On abdominal examination, the head is felt in the upper abdomen and the breech in the pelvic brim. Auscultation locates the fetal heart higher than expected with a vertex presentation. On vaginal examination during labour, the buttocks and/or feet are felt; thick, dark meconium is normal.
What is the difference between fetal malposition and fetal malpresentation?
Fetal malpresentation and fetal malposition are frequently interchanged; however, fetal malpresentation refers to a fetus with a fetal part other than the head engaging the maternal pelvis. Fetal malposition in labor includes occiput posterior and occiput transverse positions. Both fetal malposition …
What are malpositions and malpresentations?
Malpositions are abnormal positions of the vertex of the fetal head (with the occiput as the reference point) relative to the maternal pelvis. Malpresentations are all presentations of the fetus other than vertex. PROBLEM The fetus is in an abnormal position or presentation that may result in prolonged or obstructed labour.
What are the fetal malposition positions in labor?
Fetal malposition in labor includes occiput posterior and occiput transverse positions. Both fetal malposition … Fetal Malpresentation and Malposition: Diagnosis and Management
How are suspected fetal lie and malpresentation confirmed?
Any suspected abnormal fetal lie or malpresentation should be confirmed by an ultrasound scan. This could also demonstrate predisposing uterine or fetal abnormalities.